Sources, methods, and limits

The fine print, in plain English.

You should be able to understand what a calculator can do, what it cannot do, and where changing numbers come from.

These tools are for learning

A result can help you spot a question or compare a simple example. It is not tax, legal, insurance, or investment advice. It does not tell you to buy, sell, file, sign, gift, borrow, or change a plan.

The result only knows what you enter

The calculator does not know your full tax return, legal papers, health, family goals, business terms, other assets, or debts. A missing fact can change the answer.

Some rules change

When a tax number or published rate drives a result, we keep its source and effective date in a separate rule list. Published values are part of a site release; a source-page change does not update a live calculator automatically.

State rules may be different

Most tools focus on federal rules or on the numbers you enter. State tax and state law can change the result. The calculator will not fill in those rules for you unless it says so.

An estimate is not a promise

Future returns, costs, values, tax rates, health needs, and timing can change. A result is not a guarantee. It may not match a tax form, appraisal, insurance quote, legal document, or full financial plan.

Using the site does not hire an adviser

Using a tool or sending a question does not start a client relationship. An introductory talk is only a chance to understand the question and see whether a broader conversation may help.

Protect private information

Do not send Social Security numbers, account numbers, passwords, tax returns, health records, or legal papers through a calculator or contact form.